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| Product Name | L-Glutamine Solution, 200 mM, 100x, Liquid, Sterile, Cell Culture Grade |
| Catalog No. | ATR-CCR-0042 |
| Description | 200 mM L-glutamine solution (100x concentrate) in 0.85% NaCl, sterile-filtered through 0.1 um membrane, for supplementing cell culture media. L-glutamine is an essential amino acid for most mammalian cell lines in culture, serving as a major energy source (glutaminolysis), nitrogen donor for nucleotide and amino sugar biosynthesis, precursor for glutathione (antioxidant defense), and regulator of cell signaling (mTOR pathway). In liquid cell culture media, L-glutamine is the least stable amino acid, degrading spontaneously to pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and ammonia at 37 C (half-life approximately 1 week) and more slowly at 4 C (half-life 3-4 weeks). This 100x concentrate allows users to replenish glutamine in stored media or supplement glutamine-free media formulations, ensuring optimal glutamine levels for cell growth. The solution is tested for sterility, mycoplasma, and endotoxin. |
| Intended Use | Glutamine supplementation for: cell culture media stored at 2-8 C for >2-3 weeks; glutamine-free basal media (DMEM without glutamine, RPMI without glutamine); high-density cell culture requiring elevated glutamine (e.g., hybridoma culture, CHO fed-batch); and custom media formulations. Typical use: add 5 mL per 500 mL medium (1:100 dilution) to achieve 2 mM final concentration. |
| Principle / Technology | L-glutamine (C5H10N2O3, MW 146.14) is the most abundant free amino acid in plasma (0.5-0.7 mM) and in standard cell culture media (2-4 mM). It is catabolized by glutaminase to glutamate + NH3, with glutamate further entering the TCA cycle (via alpha-ketoglutarate) for energy production. In rapidly dividing cells, glutamine consumption exceeds that of any other amino acid. The 200 mM solution provides 29.2 mg/mL L-glutamine; a 1:100 dilution into medium provides 2 mM (the standard concentration found in most basal media formulations). |
| Detection Method | Thaw 200 mM glutamine at 37 C or at 2-8 C overnight. Add aseptically to sterile medium at 1:100 dilution (e.g., 5 mL per 500 mL medium, or 10 mL per 1 L). Mix thoroughly. For supplementation of stored medium: add glutamine just before use. For glutamine-free medium formulations: add during complete medium preparation. Do not add glutamine to medium that will be stored for prolonged periods (>1 week). |
| Sample Type | Liquid supplement; ready-to-use after thawing. |
| Performance Range / Specifications | L-glutamine concentration: 200 mM (+/-5%); osmolality: 320-400 mOsm/kg; pH: 4.5-6.0; sterility: negative (USP <71>); endotoxin: <0.25 EU/mL; mycoplasma: negative; final concentration after 1:100 dilution: 2 mM. |
| Sensitivity / LOD | Not applicable — media supplement. |
| Specificity | L-glutamine is the biologically active isomer; D-glutamine is not present and is not utilized by mammalian cells. |
| Reaction Conditions / Protocol | L-glutamine stable at 2-8 C for 12 months; degradation accelerates at elevated temperature: half-life ~3-4 weeks at 4 C, ~1 week at 37 C; degradation products: pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and ammonium (both can be cytotoxic at high concentrations). |
| Components / Formulation | L-Glutamine Solution, 200 mM (29.2 mg/mL) in 0.85% NaCl, 0.1 um sterile-filtered, 100 mL bottle. |
| Storage Conditions | Store at -20 C for long-term storage; store at 2-8 C after thawing and use within 4 weeks; protect from light; avoid repeated freeze-thaw (>3 cycles). |
| Shelf Life | 24 months at -20 C; 4 weeks at 2-8 C after thawing. |
| Package Specifications | 100 mL sterile bottle; also available in 20 mL, 500 mL. |
| Product Form | Clear, colorless sterile liquid; no particulates; no phenol red. |
| Quality Control | Each lot: L-glutamine concentration 190-210 mM (enzymatic assay); pH 4.5-6.0; osmolality 320-400 mOsm/kg; sterility (negative, USP <71>); mycoplasma (negative); endotoxin (<0.25 EU/mL); cell growth promotion: Jurkat cells in glutamine-free RPMI + 2 mM glutamine (from this supplement) achieve >=90% of growth in standard RPMI with 2 mM glutamine. |
| Key Features | 200 mM (100x) L-glutamine concentrate; sterile 0.1 um filtered; cell culture grade; endotoxin <0.25 EU/mL; mycoplasma tested; 24-month shelf life at -20 C. |
| Purity | L-glutamine: >99% pure (USP grade); NaCl: USP grade; WFI quality water. |
| Concentration | 200 mM (29.2 mg/mL); 100x concentrate; final working concentration 2 mM after 1:100 dilution. |
| Activity / Unit Definition | Cell growth promotion: verified with glutamine-auxotrophic cell lines; 2 mM final supports growth equivalent to freshly prepared medium. |
| Molecular Weight | L-glutamine: 146.14 g/mol; NaCl: 58.44 g/mol. |
| Source / Origin | L-glutamine: fermentation-derived (bacterial fermentation of glucose); NaCl: synthetic; water: WFI quality; no animal-derived components; manufactured in ISO-certified facility. |
| pH Range / Optimal pH | pH 4.5-6.0 (acidic pH enhances glutamine stability); after 1:100 dilution into medium at pH 7.4, final pH is unchanged. |
| Shipping Conditions | Frozen (-20 C or dry ice); may be shipped on cold pack for short transit (stable at 2-8 C for 1 week); upon receipt, store at -20 C. |
| Expiration Date / Stability | 24 months at -20 C; 4 weeks at 2-8 C after thawing; avoid >3 freeze-thaw cycles (cyclization of glutamine to pyroglutamate may occur). |
| Regulatory / Compliance | For research use only; not for diagnostic or therapeutic use. Not for human injection. Cell culture grade — not GMP-certified for clinical manufacturing. |
| Compatibility | Compatible with all standard cell culture media (DMEM, RPMI 1640, MEM, Ham's F-12, IMDM, DMEM/F12, Neurobasal). Compatible with serum, antibiotics, and standard culture supplements. Glutamine in medium reacts with reducing sugars (glucose) in a Maillard-type reaction at elevated temperature; this is another reason for supplementing glutamine fresh before use. For serum-free media, supplement glutamine at 2-4 mM. For high-density fed-batch culture (hybridoma, CHO), glutamine concentration can be increased to 4-6 mM. Do not add glutamine to medium that will be heated to 37 C for extended periods without cells (degradation). For cells sensitive to ammonia (neural cells, embryonic stem cells), consider using GlutaMAX (alanyl-glutamine dipeptide) instead, which is more stable and releases glutamine gradually. |
| Recommended Buffer System | 0.85% NaCl (145 mM); no buffer — pH maintained at 4.5-6.0 for glutamine stability. |
| Application Notes / Precautions | Thaw bottle completely and mix before use. Upon first thaw, aliquot into sterile tubes (5-10 mL each) and store at -20 C to avoid repeated freeze-thaw of the main bottle. Add glutamine to medium aseptically in a biosafety cabinet. Pre-warm glutamine solution to 37 C before adding to cold medium to minimize temperature shock. For stored medium: add glutamine immediately before use, not during storage (glutamine degrades at 4 C, half-life ~3-4 weeks). Signs of glutamine degradation in stored medium: medium turns more yellow (acidic from HCl release during cyclization), cells show reduced growth rate. Glutamine stock solutions may precipitate as white insoluble pyroglutamate if repeatedly freeze-thawed; discard if heavy precipitate forms. For glutamine-dependent cell lines, monitor glutamine levels in medium using a biochemical analyzer if available; replenish when glutamine drops below 0.5 mM. |
| Batch-to-Batch Consistency | L-glutamine 190-210 mM; pH 4.5-6.0; cell growth >90% of reference medium; sterility and mycoplasma negative. |
For research use only, not for clinical use.
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