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| Product Name | Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) Activity Colorimetric Assay Kit |
| Catalog No. | ETR-HMM-0063 |
| Description | A colorimetric enzymatic assay for quantifying gamma-glutamyl transferase activity using the chromogenic substrate L-gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide. GGT cleaves the gamma-glutamyl group from the substrate and transfers it to an acceptor molecule (glycylglycine), releasing p-nitroaniline, a yellow chromophore measured at 405 nm. |
| Intended Use | GGT activity measurement as a hepatic and biliary disease biomarker in clinical and preclinical research; elevated GGT is associated with cholestasis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and induction by drugs including anticonvulsants and anticoagulants. |
| Principle / Technology | GGT (EC 2.3.2.2) catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety from gamma-glutamyl compounds (peptides, proteins) to acceptor amino acids or water; the synthetic substrate L-γ-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide donates its gamma-glutamyl group to glycylglycine (the dipeptide acceptor), releasing 3-carboxy-4-nitroaniline (a yellow product, absorbance 405 nm) proportional to GGT activity; optimized reaction at pH 8.2. |
| Detection Method | Colorimetric kinetic or endpoint absorbance measurement at 405 nm using a microplate spectrophotometer |
| Sample Type | Human and animal serum, plasma, bile, urine, kidney homogenates, liver homogenates, hepatocyte cell lysates; GGT activity is highest in kidney, liver, and intestine |
| Performance Range / Specifications | GGT activity range: 1–1,000 U/L; typical serum reference range 8–61 U/L (male), 5–36 U/L (female); one unit = amount producing 1 μmol p-nitroaniline per minute at 37°C; kinetic window 3 minutes |
| Sensitivity / LOD | Lower limit of detection: approximately 0.5 U/L with standard volume input; adequate for most clinical research and drug safety screening applications |
| Specificity | The chromogenic substrate is highly specific for GGT; glutathione S-transferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and other glutamate-metabolizing enzymes do not cleave the substrate at the optimized pH 8.2 and under the reaction conditions; the acceptor molecule glycylglycine is included to maximize transpeptidation rate over simple hydrolysis |
| Reaction Conditions / Protocol | Pipette 5 μL serum or prepared sample into well; add 200 μL pre-warmed Substrate-Buffer Mixture (L-γ-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide in glycylglycine-TRIS buffer pH 8.2 at 37°C); record absorbance at 405 nm at t=0 (after 1 min blank period) and t=3 min; calculate ΔA405/min; multiply by kit-specific conversion factor to yield activity in U/L |
| Components / Formulation | Working Reagent (L-γ-glutamyl-3-carboxy-4-nitroanilide, glycylglycine acceptor, TRIS buffer pH 8.2, magnesium chloride; all components pre-mixed in stable single-reagent format), GGT Calibrator (human serum-based, certified value traceable to international reference) |
| Storage Conditions | Working Reagent at 2–8°C protected from light; single-reagent design minimizes freeze-thaw requirements; stable 12 months; calibrator lyophilized at -20°C or as stabilized liquid at 2–8°C |
| Shelf Life | 12 months from date of manufacture |
| Package Specifications | 250 assays, 500 assays (cuvette or 96-well format) |
| Product Form | Single-vial liquid working reagent with separate calibrator |
| Quality Control | Each lot tested against certified GGT calibrators; between-run CV ≤3%; substrate blank rate <0.001 ΔA/min; p-nitroaniline molar absorptivity verified at 405 nm |
| Key Features | Single-reagent addition simplifies workflow and reduces pipetting steps; liquid-stable format without reconstitution; traceability to international GGT reference materials; wide dynamic range covers all clinically and experimentally relevant GGT activity levels |
For research use only, not for clinical use.
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