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| Product Name | Bovine Insulin |
| Catalog No. | RESK-0477 |
| Description | Insulin is a double-chain (alpha, beta) polypeptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. It consists of 51 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 5800 Da. The two chains are connected by two disulfide bonds, and the alpha chain itself contains an additional intrachain disulfide bond. Insulin is the only known protein hormone in the body that lowers blood glucose; it not only regulates cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, but also inhibits the degradation of glycogen, protein, and fat. Insulins from different species have largely the same function, differing only in amino acid composition. Bovine insulin differs from human insulin at the following positions: in the alpha chain, alanine (A) replaces threonine (T) at position 8 (alpha8), and valine (V) replaces isoleucine (I) at position 10 (alpha10); in the beta chain, alanine (A) replaces threonine (T) at the C-terminus. This bovine insulin is purified from an ethanol/phosphoric acid extract of bovine pancreas by repeated ammonium sulfate and isoelectric point precipitation. It is commonly used as a cell culture supplement at a typical working concentration of 1-10 ug/mL. |
| Intended Use | Used as a supplement in cell culture, typically at a working concentration of 1-10 ug/mL. For research use only; not for clinical use. |
| Principle / Technology | Insulin regulates cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, and inhibits the degradation of glycogen, protein, and fat. Purified from an ethanol/phosphoric acid extract of bovine pancreas by repeated ammonium sulfate and isoelectric point precipitation. |
| Performance Range / Specifications | CAS No.: 11070-73-8 Molecular formula: C254H377N65O75S6 Molecular weight: 5733.5 Da Appearance: white to off-white powder Potency (HPLC): >=27 USP units/mg Zinc content: ~0.5% Solubility: insoluble in water; soluble in dilute acetic acid or dilute hydrochloric acid (pH 2-3) Isoelectric point (pI): 5.3 (native protein) Sedimentation coefficient (S20,w): 1.95 x 10^-13 Diffusion coefficient (D20,w): 7.30 x 10^-7 EM (278 nm): 6080 (33 mM phosphate, pH 7.0) E1% (278 nm): 10.6 (33 mM phosphate, pH 7.0) Sequence: A-Chain: G-I-V-E-Q-C-C-A-S-V-C-S-L-Y-Q-L-E-N-Y-C-N B-Chain: F-V-N-Q-H-L-C-G-S-H-L-V-E-A-L-Y-L-V-C-G-E-R-G-F-F-Y-T-P-K-A |
| Reaction Conditions / Protocol | Dissolve in dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute acetic acid (pH 2-3) to prepare a stock solution. |
| Components / Formulation | Supplied as a dry powder; contains approximately 0.5% zinc. |
| Storage Conditions | Powder: store at -25 to -15 °C, protected from light and kept dry. Solution: store at -25 to -15 °C, protected from light and kept dry. |
| Shelf Life | Powder: 2 years. Solution: 3-6 months. |
| Package Specifications | 25 mg, 100 mg, 500 mg, 1 g |
| Product Form | White to off-white powder |
| Quality Control | Potency >=27 USP units/mg determined by HPLC. |
| Activity / Unit Definition | >=27 USP units/mg (HPLC) |
| Molecular Weight | 5733.5 Da |
| Source / Origin | Purified from an ethanol/phosphoric acid extract of bovine pancreas by repeated ammonium sulfate and isoelectric point precipitation. |
| pH Range / Optimal pH | Isoelectric point (pI) = 5.3 (native protein); dissolves in dilute acid at pH 2-3. |
| Regulatory / Compliance | For research use only. |
| Recommended Buffer System | Dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute acetic acid (pH 2-3). |
| Application Notes / Precautions | Stock solutions can be prepared with dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute acetic acid (pH 2-3). If zinc ions need to be removed, dissolve the insulin in dilute acetic acid, add excess EDTA to chelate the zinc ions, and then purify the insulin by isoelectric point precipitation. This product is for research use only and is not suitable for clinical use. |
For research use only, not for clinical use.
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