Product Name |
Annexin V-PE Apoptosis Detection Reagent |
Catalog No. |
CCAT-HMM-0024 |
Description |
Annexins are a class of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins widely distributed in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, participating in intracellular signal transduction. However, only Annexin V has been reported to regulate the activity of certain PKCs. Annexin V selectively binds to phosphatidylserine (PS). PS is primarily distributed on the inner side of the cell membrane, adjacent to the cytoplasm. During the early stages of apoptosis, various cell types translocate phosphatidylserine to the cell surface, i.e., the outer side of the cell membrane. Once exposed on the cell surface, phosphatidylserine promotes coagulation and inflammatory responses. However, when Annexin V binds to phosphatidylserine that has been internalized to the cell surface, it can block the procoagulant and proinflammatory activities of phosphatidylserine. For necrotic cells, since the integrity of the cell membrane has been lost, Annexin V-PE can enter the cytoplasm and bind to phosphatidylserine located on the inner side of the cell membrane, thereby also causing necrotic cells to exhibit red fluorescence. Annexin V labeled with the red fluorescent probe PE, i.e., Annexin V-PE, can be easily and directly detected by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy to identify the outward flipping of phosphatidylserine, a key feature of apoptosis. |
Application |
This product is used to detect phosphatidylserine, which appears on the cell membrane surface during apoptosis. |
Applicable Instruments |
Flow cytometer, fluorescence microscope, or other fluorescence detection equipment |
Materials to Bring |
1 × PBS, pH 7.2-7.6; sterile ddH₂O |
Storage |
Store at 4°C away from light. |
Shelf Life |
6 months |
Notes |
Although testing has shown that repeated freeze-thaw cycles (up to 5 times) do not significantly affect the detection performance of Annexin V-PE, it is recommended to store the product at 4°C within 3-6 months to ensure optimal performance, and to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles whenever possible.
Bacterial or fungal contamination can severely impair detection performance.
It is advisable to perform the assay promptly after staining, as prolonged incubation may lead to an increase in the number of apoptotic or necrotic cells.
If trypsin was used during cell collection, care must be taken to remove any residual trypsin. Residual trypsin can digest and degrade Annexin V-PE, ultimately leading to staining failure.
Due to variations in cell samples and the extent of apoptosis and necrosis, the amount of Annexin V-PE can be optimized based on preliminary experimental results, with appropriate increases or decreases as needed.
Fluorescent substances are prone to quenching. When performing fluorescence observations, minimize observation time and ensure light-protected storage during handling and storage.
For your safety and health, please wear a lab coat and disposable gloves during handling. |