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| Product Name | TRITC Phalloidin |
| Catalog No. | RESK-0260 |
| Description | Phalloidin is a cyclic heptapeptide toxin isolated from the death cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides). It binds filamentous actin (F-actin) with high affinity (Kd = 20 nM) but does not bind monomeric actin (G-actin), and is therefore commonly used to label F-actin in tissue sections, cell cultures, or cell-free systems for qualitative and quantitative analysis of actin filaments. Phalloidin derivatives bind, with similar affinity, both large and small filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells of plant and animal origin, at a stoichiometry of approximately one phalloidin molecule per actin subunit. Non-specific binding is almost negligible, giving exceptionally sharp contrast between stained and unstained regions, so phalloidin conjugates are particularly well suited to replace actin antibodies in related studies. Phalloidin derivatives are very small (about 12-15 Å in diameter, molecular weight < 2000 Daltons), and many physiological properties of labeled actin are preserved: labeled filaments still interact with actin-binding proteins such as myosin, tropomyosin and DNase I; phalloidin-labeled filaments can still penetrate a solid-phase myosin matrix; and glycerol-extracted muscle fibers can still contract after labeling. By binding, phalloidin prevents dissociation of filamentous actin (microfilaments) and stabilizes microfilament structure, disrupting the dynamic equilibrium of polymerization-depolymerization. This lowers the critical concentration (CC) of actin polymerization to < 1 ug/mL, so phalloidin can be used as a polymerization promoter. It also inhibits the ATP hydrolysis activity of F-actin. This product is TRITC (tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate)-labeled phalloidin. It provides strong staining specificity and high contrast, delivering better staining performance than actin antibodies, and is suitable for qualitative and quantitative detection of F-actin. F-actin bound by this product retains many of its intrinsic biological properties, and the binding shows no species specificity, giving broad applicability. |
| Intended Use | Qualitative and quantitative fluorescent staining of filamentous actin (F-actin) for cytoskeleton analysis in tissue sections, cultured cells, and cell-free systems. |
| Principle / Technology | Phalloidin is a bicyclic heptapeptide toxin from Amanita phalloides that binds F-actin with high affinity (Kd = 20 nM) without binding G-actin. Conjugation with the fluorescent dye TRITC enables direct visualization and quantification of F-actin by fluorescence microscopy. |
| Detection Method | Fluorescence microscopy / immunofluorescence imaging (TRITC channel; Ex/Em 540-546/565-575 nm). |
| Sample Type | Tissue sections (frozen sections recommended), cultured cells, cell-free systems; muscle and non-muscle cells from plant and animal sources. |
| Performance Range / Specifications | Molecular Formula: C60H70N12O13S2 Molecular Weight: 1231.4 Maximum Excitation/Emission Wavelength (Ex/Em): 540-546/565-575 nm Peptide Sequence: TRITC-bicyclic(Ala-DThr-Cys-cis-4-hydroxy-Pro-Ala-2-mercapto-Trp-4-hydroxy-5-amino-Leu)(S-3 to 6) Appearance: purple powder (lyophilized powder) Solubility: soluble in DMSO, DMF, methanol, or aqueous acetonitrile (20%) |
| Sensitivity / LOD | Binds F-actin with high affinity (Kd = 20 nM); approximately one phalloidin molecule per actin subunit. |
| Specificity | Selectively binds filamentous actin (F-actin) without binding monomeric actin (G-actin); non-specific binding is almost negligible, with no species bias. |
| Reaction Conditions / Protocol | Recommended working concentration: 80-200 nM. The product is available as a lyophilized powder or as a 20 uM stock solution (300 uL total, dissolved in methanol); choose according to experimental needs. For frozen sections and fixed cells; not recommended for paraffin sections (deparaffinization may alter phalloidin binding to F-actin and abolish the signal; frozen sections are recommended). |
| Components / Formulation | TRITC-labeled phalloidin; supplied as lyophilized powder, or as a 20 uM stock solution in methanol (300 uL). |
| Storage Conditions | Store at -20 °C protected from light and moisture. |
| Shelf Life | 1 year (when stored at -20 °C, protected from light, dry). |
| Package Specifications | 300 T 1 mg |
| Product Form | Lyophilized powder (purple powder) or ready-to-use stock solution (20 uM in methanol). |
| Concentration | Stock solution form: 20 uM; recommended working concentration 80-200 nM. |
| Molecular Weight | 1231.4 Da |
| Source / Origin | Cyclic heptapeptide derived from the death cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides), conjugated with TRITC. |
| Shipping Conditions | Shipped with ice packs. |
| Expiration Date / Stability | Stable for 1 year at -20 °C, protected from light and dry. |
| Regulatory / Compliance | For research use only. Not for clinical diagnostic use. |
| Compatibility | TRITC channel filter sets (Ex/Em 540-546/565-575 nm); labeled F-actin retains interactions with myosin, tropomyosin, and DNase I. |
| Recommended Buffer System | Dissolve in DMSO, DMF, methanol, or 20% aqueous acetonitrile. |
| Application Notes / Precautions | Protect from light and moisture. Recommended working concentration 80-200 nM. Not recommended for paraffin sections; use frozen sections instead. The number of assays achievable with 1 mg depends on cell type, cell number, and staining performance. |
For research use only, not for clinical use.
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