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| Product Name | Rapid Gram Stain Kit for Bacterial Differentiation |
| Catalog No. | ATRSA-0018 |
| Description | A complete Gram staining kit containing crystal violet, Gram's iodine, decolorizer, and safranin counterstain for the rapid differential staining of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in clinical and research microbiology laboratories. |
| Intended Use | Differentiation of bacteria into Gram-positive (purple) and Gram-negative (pink/red) categories based on cell wall structure for microbial identification. |
| Principle / Technology | Crystal violet binds to bacterial cell walls; iodine forms a crystal violet-iodine complex; Gram-positive bacteria retain the complex after decolorization due to their thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram-negative bacteria lose the complex and are counterstained by safranin. |
| Detection Method | Bright-field light microscopy at 100× oil immersion magnification |
| Sample Type | Heat-fixed bacterial smears on glass microscope slides prepared from clinical specimens or cultured isolates |
| Performance Range / Specifications | Typical staining time: 2–3 minutes per step for rapid protocol; standard protocol: 1 minute each |
| Sensitivity / LOD | Visualizable with 10^4–10^5 bacteria per oil immersion field under optimal conditions |
| Specificity | Effective differentiation of most clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; some organisms (Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma) do not stain well by the Gram method |
| Reaction Conditions / Protocol | Flood slide with crystal violet (1 min) → rinse with water → apply Gram's iodine (1 min) → rinse → decolorize dropwise until runoff is clear (5–10 seconds) → rinse immediately → counterstain with safranin (30–60 seconds) → rinse → blot dry → examine under oil immersion |
| Components / Formulation | Crystal violet solution, stabilized Gram's iodine solution, acetone-alcohol decolorizer, safranin O counterstain solution, staining rack, washing bottle, bibulous paper |
| Storage Conditions | Room temperature (15–30°C) in tightly capped bottles protected from light; crystal violet and safranin solutions are stable for 24 months |
| Shelf Life | 24 months from date of manufacture |
| Package Specifications | 4 x 250 mL bottles (one of each reagent), sufficient for approximately 1000 slides |
| Product Form | Ready-to-use liquid staining reagents in dropper bottles |
| Quality Control | Each lot tested with standardized ATCC bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) to verify proper Gram-positive (purple) and Gram-negative (pink) staining results |
| Key Features | Rapid protocol yields results in under 5 minutes; ready-to-use dropper bottles eliminate reagent preparation; stabilized iodine solution maintains potency longer than traditional Lugol's iodine |
For research use only, not for clinical use.
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