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| Product Name | Fura-2 AM (Cell-Permeant Calcium Fluorescent Probe) |
| Catalog No. | RESK-0521 |
| Description | Fura-2 is a calcium fluorescent probe commonly used in cell biology. It binds Ca2+ specifically at a 1:1 ratio and fluoresces upon binding; its excitation maximum shifts from 380 nm (Ca2+-free) to 340 nm (Ca2+-saturated), and the emission intensity is quantitatively related to the concentration of bound Ca2+. Fura-2 is typically excited at 340 nm and 380 nm, and the intracellular calcium concentration is calculated from the ratio of the fluorescence intensities at the two excitation wavelengths. This ratiometric measurement eliminates error factors such as differences in probe loading efficiency between cell samples, probe leakage and variations in cell thickness. Fura-2 and Indo-1 have become the most widely used ratiometric calcium indicators. Many instruments support Fura-2 experiments, but Fura-2 is especially suited to digital imaging microscopy, where the excitation wavelength can be adjusted conveniently to scan the absorption shift of the probe over the 300-400 nm excitation range after Ca2+ binding, with emission detected at 510 nm. Because Fura-2 is a highly polar acidic compound that cannot enter cells, acetoxymethyl (AM) ester groups are attached to its negative groups to generate Fura-2/AM. This modification increases lipid solubility and removes the negative charge, greatly improving cell permeability. Inside the cell, Fura-2/AM is hydrolyzed by esterases to Fura-2, which then binds reversibly to free cytosolic Ca2+. |
| Intended Use | Quantitative ratiometric measurement of intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration in cell biology research. |
| Principle / Technology | Fura-2 binds Ca2+ specifically at a 1:1 ratio; upon Ca2+ binding its excitation maximum shifts from 380 nm to 340 nm (Ca2+-saturated), and emission intensity correlates quantitatively with bound Ca2+ concentration. Ratiometric measurement at 340/380 nm excitation cancels errors from probe loading variability, leakage and cell thickness. The AM ester form is cell-permeant and is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to active Fura-2. |
| Detection Method | Ratiometric fluorescence measurement: excitation at 340 nm and 380 nm, emission detection at 510 nm; the absorption shift can be scanned across the 300-400 nm excitation range. Particularly well suited to digital imaging microscopy. |
| Sample Type | Living cells (intracellular calcium measurement). |
| Performance Range / Specifications | CAS No.: 108964-32-5 Formula: C44H47N3O24 Molecular weight: 1001.86 Ex/Em: Ex = 340 nm/380 nm, Em = 510 nm Solubility: soluble in DMSO Appearance: yellow or orange-yellow powder |
| Specificity | Binds Ca2+ specifically at a 1:1 ratio and reversibly binds free cytosolic Ca2+ after intracellular de-esterification. |
| Components / Formulation | Supplied as a yellow or orange-yellow powder; soluble in DMSO. |
| Storage Conditions | Store at -20 °C, dry and protected from light. |
| Shelf Life | 1 year at -20 °C, dry and protected from light. |
| Package Specifications | 50 μg, 5 x 50 μg, 1 mg |
| Product Form | Yellow or orange-yellow powder. |
| Molecular Weight | 1001.86 |
| Shipping Conditions | Shipped at room temperature. |
| Regulatory / Compliance | For research use only. |
| Application Notes / Precautions | Fura-2 itself is membrane-impermeant; the AM ester form must be loaded into cells, where intracellular esterases hydrolyze it to active Fura-2. Ratiometric (340/380 nm) measurement is recommended to eliminate loading, leakage and cell-thickness errors. Related probes for selection: Indo-1 AM (Ex/Em 346/475 nm, intracellular calcium), Rhod-2 AM (Ex/Em 549/578 nm, organelle calcium), Fluo-4 AM (Ex/Em 494/516 nm, cytosolic calcium). |
For research use only, not for clinical use.
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